[文章+部分代码 作者:张宴 本文版本:v1.0 最后修改:2009.03.09 转载请注明原文链接:http://blog.zyan.cc/ajaxcdr/]

  最近的一个项目中,需要通过 JavaScript 提交表单数据到另一个域名下的PHP接口(因为数据较大,需要HTTP POST方式提交),并获取PHP接口的返回值,在页面无刷新、无跳转的情况下,更新div标签内的内容。

  浏览器出于安全考虑,是不允许JavaScript代码进行跨域操作。JavaScript 和 AJAX 跨域访问分为两大类,一是本域和子域的交互,二是本域和其他域的交互。

  一、本域和子域的交互:www.zyan.cc 和 blog.zyan.cc
  二、本域和其他域的交互:blog.zyan.cc 和 api.bz

  本域和子域的交互,可以通过iframe设置两个域名document.domain = "zyan.cc",实现统一zyan.cc域下的跨域访问。

  本域和其他域的交互,可以通过iframe、代理、JS创建动态脚本等几种方法来实现,这里有篇文章对几种方法作了简要的介绍

  iframe、JS创建动态脚本这两种方法,需要开发者能控制两个域,两端都要编写相应的代码,非常麻烦。在本域服务器上用PHP写个代理中转程序,让本域PHP程序去读取远程其他域的数据再返回给自己,是常用的方法。但是,在本域“前端是CDN或Squid缓存服务器,后端才是PHP应用程序服务器”的系统架构下,穿透CDN或Squid去访问不能被缓存的PHP代理中转程序,效率是很低的。



  国外有人尝试用 Flash 做 JavaScript 和 AJAX 跨域访问中转,无疑是一个好方法。JavaScript 将数据提交给本域下的 Flash,通过 Flash 中转去访问其他域的接口,条件只需要其他域的根目录下有一个crossdomain.xml文件,文件中设置允许所有域名或允许本域访问即可。很多网站的API域名都提供了crossdomain.xml文件。

  例如:
  1、新浪博客的crossdomain.xml文件(http://blog.sina.com.cn/crossdomain.xml)设置了允许所有域名访问;
  2、饭否API的crossdomain.xml文件(http://api.fanfou.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了允许所有域名访问;
  3、校内网API的crossdomain.xml文件(http://api.xiaonei.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了允许所有域名访问;
  4、优酷网的crossdomain.xml文件(http://www.youku.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了允许所有域名访问;
  5、土豆网的crossdomain.xml文件(http://www.tudou.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了允许所有域名访问;

  6、逍遥视频的crossdomain.xml文件(http://v.xoyo.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了只允许*.xoyo.com域名访问;
  7、网易的crossdomain.xml文件(http://www.163.com/crossdomain.xml)设置了只允许tech.163.com、sports.163.com等几个域名访问。



  本人在“Cross-domain AJAX using Flash”的基础上,增加了对表单进行智能处理的功能,封装了一个JavaScript包:AJAXCDR。通过 AJAXCDR,即可轻松地解决 JavaScript 和 AJAX 跨域 HTTP POST/GET 表单请求,支持IE、Firefox、谷歌Chrome等多种浏览器。

  AJAXCDR 拥有两个文件:ajaxcdr.js 和 ajaxcdr.swf,AJAXCDR 拥有一个 JavaScript 函数 AjaxCrossDomainRequest() 和一个全局变量 AjaxCrossDomainResponse。

  一、AJAXCDR 下载:
  http://blog.zyan.cc/demo/ajaxcdr/ajaxcdr-1.0.zip  
  注意:请编辑ajaxcdr.js,查找“/demo/ajaxcdr/ajaxcdr.swf”,将这段Flash文件路径换成您的路径。


  二、AJAXCDR 函数说明:
  1、JavaScript函数:
  AjaxCrossDomainRequest(URL, Method, FormName, CallBack);

  参数说明:
  URL:需要访问的URL地址,相当于表单的action=的值。
  Method:方法,本函数支持POST和GET方法,相当于表单的method=的值。
  FormName:表单名称,相当于表单的name=的值。
  CallBack:回调函数,请求完成后,回调用户的一个函数,用户可以在该函数内对返回值进行处理。

  2、JavaScript全局变量:
  AjaxCrossDomainResponse
  当用户调用AjaxCrossDomainRequest()函数完成 HTTP POST/GET 请求后,该函数会把服务器端返回的数据写入到AjaxCrossDomainResponse变量中,您可以通过AjaxCrossDomainResponse变量获取返回值。


  三、AJAXCDR 应用实例:
  1、实例一(简单演示):
  演示地址: http://blog.zyan.cc/demo/ajaxcdr/demo1.html
  echo.php 源代码为:http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.txt
  crossdomain.xml 文件为:http://api.bz/crossdomain.xml


  2、实例二(复杂表单演示):
  演示地址: http://blog.zyan.cc/demo/ajaxcdr/demo2.html
<html>
<head>
<title>Ajax 跨域 HTTP POST/GET 访问请求演示:Ajax Cross Domain HTTP POST/GET Request Demo</title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
<style type="text/css">
<!--
body,td,th {
  font-size: 14px;
}
-->
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form name="cross_domain_demo">
<table width="600" border="1">
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top"><strong>Ajax 跨域 HTTP POST/GET 访问请求演示(鼠标右键查看HTML源代码)</strong></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td colspan="2" align="center" valign="top">函数说明与下载地址:<a href="http://blog.zyan.cc/ajaxcdr/" target="_blank">http://blog.zyan.cc/ajaxcdr/</a></td>
    </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">username</td>
    <td><input name="title" type="text" value="用户名"></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">password</td>
    <td><input name="password" type="password" value="123456"></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">content</td>
    <td><textarea name="content" cols="58" rows="5">文本区域值</textarea></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">city</td>
    <td>
    <select name="city">
        <option value="北京">北京</option>
        <option value="上海">上海</option>
        <option value="深圳">深圳</option>
      </select>  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">interest</td>
    <td>
    <select name="interest[]" multiple>
        <option value="玩游戏">玩游戏</option>
        <option value="踢足球">踢足球</option>
        <option value="看书">看书</option>
    <option value="旅游">旅游</option>
    </select>  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">gender</td>
    <td>
    <input type="radio" name="gender" value="男">男
      <input type="radio" name="gender" value="女" >女
      <input type="radio" name="gender" value="未知" checked>未知  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">grade</td>
    <td>
    <input type="checkbox" name="grade[]" value="等级一">等级一
    <input type="checkbox" name="grade[]" value="等级二">等级二
    <input type="checkbox" name="grade[]" value="等级三">等级三
    <input type="checkbox" name="grade[]" value="等级四">等级四  </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">publish</td>
    <td><input type="checkbox" name="publish" value="发布">发布</td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td align="right" valign="top">&nbsp;</td>
    <td>
    <a href="javascript:AjaxCrossDomainRequest('http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.php', 'POST', 'cross_domain_demo', 'mycallback(\'参数①\', \'参数②\', myparam)');"><img src="post_button.gif" width="100" height="24" align="absmiddle" border="0"></a>
    &nbsp;&nbsp;  
    <button onClick="AjaxCrossDomainRequest('http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.php', 'GET', 'cross_domain_demo', 'mycallback(\'参数①\', \'参数②\', myparam)'); return false;">GET方式提交</button>
  </td>
  </tr>  
</table>
</form>
<table width="600" border="1">
  <tr>
    <td>JavaScript POST/GET 跨域提交信息到:http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.php (<a href="http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.txt" target="_blank">源代码</a>) </td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><strong>api.bz服务器端返回信息:</strong></td>
  </tr>
  <tr>
    <td><div id="return_info"></div> </td>
  </tr>
</table>

<script type="text/javascript">
var myparam = "参数③";
function mycallback(param1, param2, param3){
    //提示:AjaxCrossDomainResponse是一个全局变量,它的值为远程服务器的返回值。
    document.getElementById('return_info').innerHTML = "<pre>" + param1 + param2 + param3 + "<BR>" + AjaxCrossDomainResponse + "</pre>";
}
</script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="/demo/ajaxcdr/ajaxcdr.js"></script>
</body>
</html>
  echo.php 源代码为:http://api.bz/ajaxcdr/echo.txt
  crossdomain.xml 文件为:http://api.bz/crossdomain.xml




技术大类 » PHP/JS/Shell | 评论(89) | 引用(0) | 阅读(118351)
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2011-11-11 17:47
很喜欢flash的
小龙女
2011-12-6 15:06
总是和ajax起冲突还是不太好用
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wkylin
2012-8-17 16:26
你好,现在有一个问题不是很理解,swf文件这个起到一个桥梁的作用,post过去的数据后台如何取到呢??后台是用java来做的??不是php。。现在对这个还是没有完全理解。能加你一下QQ么??QQ:270917337
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2012-10-22 10:28
var contentType = "application/x-www-form-urlencoded";
这句设置在flash没起作用,修复这个BUG就完美了,后台接收到参数就不需要再做解析!
老马
2013-3-1 15:40
为什么会用javascript弹出“Flash not loaded” 这个信息的?
blucexiong
2013-10-15 10:49
请问有没有flash的源文件代码?能否发给我邮箱:568483466@qq.com,小弟感激不尽...
objedt Email
2013-11-21 08:15
有的客户机上提示 Flash not loaded  ,但是flash 都装上了。求解。
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