[文章作者:张宴 本文版本:v1.0 最后修改:2007.09.12 转载请注明出处:http://blog.zyan.cc]

  一、发现问题:
  在一台配置较低的Linux服务器(内存、硬盘比较小)的/data分区内创建文件时,系统提示磁盘空间不足,用df -h命令查看了一下磁盘使用情况,发现/data分区只使用了66%,还有12G的剩余空间,按理说不会出现这种问题。

  二、分析问题:
  后来用df -i查看了一下/data分区的索引节点(inode),发现已经用满(IUsed=100%),导致系统无法创建新目录和文件。
  点击在新窗口中浏览此图片

  inode译成中文就是索引节点,每个存储设备(例如硬盘)或存储设备的分区被格式化为文件系统后,应该有两部份,一部份是inode,另一部份是Block,Block是用来存储数据用的。而inode呢,就是用来存储这些数据的信息,这些信息包括文件大小、属主、归属的用户组、读写权限等。inode为每个文件进行信息索引,所以就有了inode的数值。操作系统根据指令,能通过inode值最快的找到相对应的文件。

  而这台服务器的Block虽然还有剩余,但inode已经用满,因此在创建新目录或文件时,系统提示磁盘空间不足。

  三、查找原因:
  /data/cache目录中存在数量非常多的小字节缓存文件,占用的Block不多,但是占用了大量的inode。

  四、解决方案:
  1、删除/data/cache目录中的部分文件,释放出/data分区的一部分inode。

  2、用软连接将空闲分区/opt中的newcache目录连接到/data/cache,使用/opt分区的inode来缓解/data分区inode不足的问题:
  ln -s /opt/newcache /data/cache

  3、更换服务器,用高配置的服务器替换低配置的服务器。很多时候用钱去解决问题比用技术更有效,堆在我办公桌上5台全新的 DELL PowerEdge 1950 服务器即将运往IDC机房。
  点击在新窗口中浏览此图片


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技术大类 » 其他Unix技术 | 评论(49) | 引用(0) | 阅读(71078)
jackbillow
2007-9-14 16:51
可以看看是什么fs,可能inode是block的2倍,用mkfs.ext2 -b 4096 -i 4096 /dev/sda7格式一下,这个分区。
john
2007-9-24 15:07
做个cron,定时清除/data/cache里的文件。
犇犇
2007-10-11 20:07

好专业呀1
以后常来你这里看看
提高自己呀!
单纯de色狼 Email Homepage
2007-11-23 12:55
grin好向往你的工作 哈哈
zuoyang
2008-4-25 16:45
use reiserfs instead.
suchasplus Homepage
2008-9-5 16:11
这图片是2950服务器的吧2U
CRQ
2009-3-3 20:40
在学inode,想用dd命令导出inode数据快的内用不过就是不知道怎麽做!!!
肥猫
2010-2-24 14:39
解决方案的最后一条不是很理解,使用性能高点的服务器占用的inode会减少?
linuxpig Homepage
2010-4-21 15:25
好像可以使用 mkfs来调整inode数值。
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